Explain this page
Arphra AIPlain-English read on Xcel Energy Inc.’s valuationRatios & metrics
Profitability, returns on capital, growth, and credit — all derived from the historical income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow rows in our data warehouse.
Valuation multiples
Price- and EV-based multiples plus shareholder yields. Snapshot at each fiscal year-end from key_metrics (FMP).
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Headline | |||||||||
| Market cap | — | — | — | $38.01B | $43.36B | — | — | — | — |
| Enterprise value | — | — | — | $68.04B | $77.86B | — | — | — | — |
| Multiples | |||||||||
| P / E | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P / B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / Sales | — | — | — | 5.06 | 5.31 | — | — | — | — |
| EV / FCF | — | — | — | -24.99 | 14.82 | — | — | — | — |
| Yields | |||||||||
| Earnings yield | — | — | — | +5.09% | +4.65% | — | — | — | — |
| Free cash flow yield | — | — | — | -7.16% | +12.12% | — | — | — | — |
| Dividend yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Profitability
Margin structure across the last 5 fiscal years
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Margins | |||||||||
| Gross margin | +39.15% | +38.28% | +42.09% | +45.74% | +24.30% | +36.60% | +37.36% | +37.03% | +36.41% |
| Operating margin | +16.40% | +15.86% | +17.46% | +17.75% | +19.63% | +18.38% | +17.85% | +17.75% | +18.36% |
| EBITDA margin | +34.25% | +33.18% | +36.58% | +41.60% | +41.37% | +39.75% | +40.51% | +39.61% | +40.85% |
| EBIT margin | +17.44% | +16.50% | +18.51% | +20.21% | +21.24% | +19.99% | +19.62% | +19.76% | +20.55% |
| Pre-tax margin | +11.37% | +10.46% | +11.44% | +11.41% | +12.09% | +11.50% | +11.56% | +11.92% | +11.68% |
| Net margin | +11.89% | +11.34% | +12.47% | +14.40% | +13.76% | +13.24% | +13.91% | +13.85% | +13.21% |
| Cost structure | |||||||||
| Cost of revenue / sales | +60.85% | +61.72% | +57.91% | +54.26% | +75.70% | +62.81% | +61.66% | +61.82% | +61.31% |
| R&D intensity | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| SG&A intensity | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Effective tax rate | -4.58% | -8.43% | -8.98% | -26.21% | -13.82% | -9.30% | -8.90% | -8.92% | -8.82% |
Returns on capital
ROE / ROA / ROC / ROIC over the relevant capital base, plus the 3-step DuPont decomposition of ROE.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Returns | |||||||||
| Return on equity (ROE) | +10.23% | +10.41% | +10.05% | +9.92% | +8.55% | +9.23% | +9.72% | +9.52% | +9.43% |
| Return on assets (ROA) | +2.76% | +2.84% | +2.76% | +2.76% | +2.48% | +2.65% | +2.65% | +2.74% | +2.56% |
| Return on capital (ROC) | +5.46% | +5.69% | +5.50% | +4.80% | +4.93% | +5.02% | +5.00% | +4.83% | +5.10% |
| Return on invested capital (ROIC) | +3.96% | +4.06% | +3.92% | +3.89% | +3.46% | +3.62% | +3.90% | +3.77% | +3.67% |
| Asset turnover | +23.22% | +25.02% | +22.17% | +19.19% | +18.03% | +20.02% | +19.08% | +19.79% | +19.36% |
| DuPont · ROE decomposition | |||||||||
| Net margin | +11.89% | +11.34% | +12.47% | +14.40% | +13.76% | +13.24% | +13.91% | +13.85% | +13.21% |
| Asset turnover (× revenue / assets) | +23.22% | +25.02% | +22.17% | +19.19% | +18.03% | +20.02% | +19.08% | +19.79% | +19.36% |
| Equity multiplier (× assets / equity) | +370.55% | +366.94% | +363.75% | +358.75% | +344.66% | +348.16% | +366.12% | +347.34% | +368.62% |
Activity & efficiency
Turnover ratios and days-outstanding — how efficiently the business converts assets and working capital into sales and cash.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnover | |||||||||
| Asset turnover | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.19 |
| Fixed-asset turnover | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.22 | — | — | — | — |
| Inventory turnover | 12.95 | 11.77 | 11.57 | 10.95 | 14.59 | — | — | — | — |
| Receivables turnover | 7.14 | 6.18 | 6.55 | 6.46 | 6.64 | — | — | — | — |
| Payables turnover | 5.80 | 5.24 | 4.93 | 4.09 | 4.81 | — | — | — | — |
| Days outstanding | |||||||||
| Days sales outstanding (DSO) | 51.09 | 59.08 | 55.70 | 56.51 | 54.99 | — | — | — | — |
| Days inventory outstanding (DIO) | 28.18 | 31.02 | 31.54 | 33.33 | 25.01 | — | — | — | — |
| Days payables outstanding (DPO) | 62.92 | 69.68 | 74.00 | 89.14 | 75.83 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash conversion cycle | 16.35 | 20.41 | 13.24 | 0.71 | 4.17 | — | — | — | — |
Cash flow quality
How well reported earnings translate into operating and free cash flow, plus reinvestment intensity.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating CF / Net income | 1.37 | 2.26 | 3.01 | 2.40 | 2.02 | 2.45 | 2.41 | 2.39 | 2.59 |
| FCF / Net income | -1.29 | -0.41 | -0.30 | -1.41 | 2.60 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.30 |
| FCF margin | -15.30% | -4.61% | -3.71% | -20.26% | +35.81% | +3.85% | +3.95% | +3.96% | +3.97% |
| OCF margin | +16.30% | +25.68% | +37.50% | +34.53% | +27.83% | +32.40% | +33.57% | +33.15% | +34.20% |
| CapEx / Revenue | +31.60% | +30.29% | +41.21% | +54.79% | +7.98% | +29.07% | +29.16% | +29.65% | +28.61% |
| CapEx / D&A | 1.88 | 1.82 | 2.28 | 2.56 | 0.38 | — | — | — | — |
| Stock-based comp / Revenue | +0.23% | +0.13% | +0.18% | +0.25% | +0.31% | — | — | — | — |
Per-share & shareholder yield
EPS, book value, sales, cash flow and dividends per share — plus payout / retention.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPS · diluted | 2.96 | 3.17 | 3.21 | 3.44 | 3.42 | 4.11 | 4.54 | 5.00 | 5.45 |
| EPS · basic | 2.96 | 3.17 | 3.21 | 3.44 | 3.44 | 4.08 | 4.57 | 5.01 | 5.49 |
| Book value / share | 28.91 | 30.48 | 31.91 | 34.67 | 40.08 | 38.68 | 41.67 | 45.66 | 47.21 |
| Tangible BV / share | 28.91 | 30.48 | 31.91 | 34.67 | 40.08 | 38.68 | 41.67 | 45.66 | 47.21 |
| Sales / share | 24.87 | 27.99 | 25.74 | 23.87 | 24.90 | 26.96 | 29.10 | 31.38 | 33.70 |
| Operating CF / share | 4.05 | 7.19 | 9.65 | 8.24 | 6.93 | 8.73 | 9.77 | 10.40 | 11.53 |
| Free cash flow / share | -3.81 | -1.29 | -0.95 | -4.84 | 8.92 | 1.04 | 1.15 | 1.24 | 1.34 |
| Dividends / share | 1.73 | 1.85 | 1.98 | 2.09 | 2.18 | 2.25 | 2.37 | 2.59 | 2.86 |
| Payout ratio | +58.55% | +58.29% | +61.66% | +60.69% | +63.53% | +62.94% | +58.54% | +59.66% | +64.28% |
| Retention ratio | +41.45% | +41.71% | +38.34% | +39.31% | +36.47% | +37.06% | +41.46% | +40.34% | +35.72% |
Growth
Year-over-year change for headline P&L lines, plus through-cycle CAGR
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 8y CAGR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top-line | ||||||||||
| Revenue · YoY | — | +13.99% | -7.21% | -5.39% | +9.14% | +7.78% | +9.26% | +7.84% | +7.22% | +5.09% |
| Gross profit · YoY | — | +11.45% | +2.03% | +2.83% | -42.01% | +62.34% | +11.52% | +6.87% | +5.42% | +4.14% |
| Profit | ||||||||||
| Operating income · YoY | — | +10.21% | +2.18% | -3.83% | +20.66% | +0.91% | +6.12% | +7.27% | +10.91% | +6.58% |
| EBITDA · YoY | — | +10.43% | +2.28% | +7.60% | +8.55% | +3.55% | +11.36% | +5.43% | +10.58% | +7.43% |
| Net income · YoY | — | +8.70% | +2.02% | +9.32% | +4.24% | +3.77% | +14.78% | +7.34% | +2.27% | +6.48% |
| Operating | ||||||||||
| EBIT · YoY | — | +7.81% | +4.08% | +3.31% | +14.73% | +1.43% | +7.26% | +8.61% | +11.52% | +7.26% |
| R&D · YoY | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Per-share | ||||||||||
| EPS · diluted · YoY | — | +7.09% | +1.26% | +7.17% | -0.58% | +20.23% | +10.38% | +10.11% | +8.99% | +7.92% |
| EPS · basic · YoY | — | +7.09% | +1.26% | +7.17% | 0.00% | +18.67% | +11.86% | +9.76% | +9.53% | +8.03% |
Credit & leverage
Balance-sheet health + interest coverage + liquidity. Coverage ratios use period-end debt and trailing interest expense.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leverage | |||||||||
| Total debt | $24.74B | $26.03B | $27.51B | $30.21B | $34.78B | $35.16B | $36.9B | $41.35B | $43.89B |
| Net debt | $24.57B | $25.92B | $27.39B | $30.03B | $34.51B | $34.95B | $36.67B | $41.09B | $43.61B |
| Net debt / EBITDA | 5.34 | 5.10 | 5.27 | 5.37 | 5.69 | 5.56 | 5.24 | 5.57 | 5.34 |
| Debt / equity | 1.58 | 1.56 | 1.56 | 1.55 | 1.47 | 1.55 | 1.49 | 1.53 | 1.57 |
| Debt / assets | +42.76% | +42.54% | +42.94% | +43.13% | +42.74% | +44.52% | +40.75% | +43.92% | +42.55% |
| Equity / assets | +26.99% | +27.25% | +27.49% | +27.87% | +29.01% | +28.72% | +27.31% | +28.79% | +27.13% |
| Coverage | |||||||||
| EBITDA / interest expense | 5.64 | 5.49 | 5.18 | 4.73 | 4.52 | 4.91 | 4.91 | 4.76 | 5.04 |
| Operating income / interest | 2.70 | 2.62 | 2.47 | 2.02 | 2.14 | 2.27 | 2.16 | 2.13 | 2.27 |
| Interest expense | $816M | $925M | $1B | $1.18B | $1.34B | $1.28B | $1.43B | $1.55B | $1.62B |
| Liquidity | |||||||||
| Current ratio | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.71 | — | — | — | — |
| Quick ratio | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.35 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash ratio | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital | -$807M | -$934M | -$1.58B | -$2.13B | -$2.08B | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital / revenue | -6.01% | -6.10% | -11.14% | -15.88% | -14.15% | — | — | — | — |
Sourced from key_metrics + financial_ratios (loaded by load_fundamentals_extended.py).
Valuation
| Metric | FY 2025 | FY 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| P / E | — | — |
| P / B | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | — | — |
| EV / Sales | 5.31x | 5.06x |
| Earnings yield | 4.7% | 5.1% |
| FCF yield | 12.1% | -7.2% |
Returns
| Metric | FY 2025 | FY 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Gross margin | — | — |
| Operating margin | — | — |
| Net margin | — | — |
| ROE | 8.5% | 9.9% |
| ROA | 2.5% | 2.8% |
| ROIC | 3.8% | 3.6% |
Leverage & liquidity
| Metric | FY 2025 | FY 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Debt / equity | — | — |
| Net debt / EBITDA | 5.69 | 5.37 |
| Interest coverage | — | — |
| Current ratio | 0.71x | 0.67x |
| Quick ratio | — | — |
Methodology. ROE / ROA / ROC use period-end balance-sheet denominators (no average-of- period smoothing). ROIC = Operating Income × (1 − inferred effective tax rate) over invested capital, with the effective tax inferred from net-to-operating income when both are positive and a 25% default otherwise. Net debt / EBITDA, debt ratios, and interest-coverage ratios are calculated point-in-time at each fiscal year-end. TTM = trailing 4 quarters (income / cash flow summed, balance sheet = most-recent quarterly snapshot). Through-cycle CAGR in the Growth panel uses the geometric mean of first-to-last period growth across the window (positive values only).